Authorship & Contribution
O.G IJRIS recognizes authorship as a responsibility-based academic role that reflects meaningful intellectual contribution, accountability, and transparent recognition of every contributor.
Authorship Is More Than a Name
Authorship identifies the individuals who made meaningful intellectual contributions to a research work and who accept responsibility for the integrity of the contribution attributed to them.
O.G IJRIS expects authorship decisions to be made fairly, transparently, and as early as reasonably possible during the research process. Authorship should not be granted solely because of seniority, institutional position, financial support, administrative authority, or personal relationships.
At the same time, individuals who make genuine scholarly contributions should receive appropriate recognition. The objective is to ensure that the research record accurately reflects who contributed to the work and in what capacity.
Core Authorship Criteria
An individual should normally be considered for authorship when their contribution is substantial, intellectually meaningful, and accompanied by appropriate responsibility for the final research work.
Intellectual Contribution
Meaningful contribution to the conception, research question, methodology, analysis, interpretation, or development of the scholarly work.
Substantive Participation
Active involvement in developing or critically improving important intellectual aspects of the research.
Manuscript Responsibility
Meaningful participation in drafting the work or critically reviewing it for important intellectual content.
Accountability
Willingness to take responsibility for the accuracy, integrity, and appropriate resolution of concerns relating to the author's contribution.
Recognized Contribution Areas
Contributions may occur at different stages of a research project. Their significance should be assessed according to the actual intellectual role performed.
Conception & Methodology
Development of the research question, conceptual framework, study design, methodology, or analytical approach.
Research & Data
Meaningful involvement in investigation, data collection, experimentation, field research, or development of important research resources.
Analysis & Interpretation
Substantive contribution to data analysis, statistical interpretation, theoretical interpretation, or evaluation of research findings.
Drafting & Revision
Preparation of substantive sections or critical revision that materially improves the intellectual content of the manuscript.
Intellectual Supervision
Significant scholarly guidance or supervision that materially contributes to the intellectual development and integrity of the research.
Specialized Resources
Development or provision of essential resources may constitute a contribution, but resource provision alone does not automatically establish authorship.
Author or Contributor?
Not every person involved in a research project necessarily meets the threshold for authorship.
Appropriate for Authorship
- Meaningful intellectual contribution to the research.
- Substantive involvement in the development or critical revision of the manuscript.
- Ability and willingness to understand the work sufficiently to accept responsibility for the contribution.
- Participation in the final approval of the work where applicable.
Important Contribution Without Authorship
- Routine administrative assistance.
- General supervision without substantive intellectual involvement.
- Routine technical or clerical assistance.
- Funding or institutional support without meaningful intellectual contribution.
Contributions That Should Be Recognized
Individuals who do not meet authorship criteria may still deserve transparent acknowledgement of their legitimate contribution.
Acknowledged Contributors
Individuals who provided valuable assistance, specialized support, access, or other legitimate contributions that do not meet the authorship threshold.
Technical Contributors
Specialists who provided technical services or operational support may be recognized according to the significance of their actual contribution.
Data & Resource Contributors
Contributors responsible for important datasets, resources, materials, or research infrastructure should receive appropriate recognition.
Academic Advisors
Advisors may be acknowledged when their role provides valuable guidance but does not reach the level of substantive intellectual authorship.
Order of Authors
The order of authors should be determined transparently by the research team according to the nature, magnitude, and responsibility of each contribution. O.G IJRIS does not support assigning author order solely on the basis of seniority, institutional rank, or financial influence.
Authorship Disputes
Authorship disagreements should be addressed through communication, evidence, and fair consideration of actual contributions.
Preferred Resolution
Research teams should first seek a good-faith discussion among the individuals involved.
Contribution records, project documentation, drafts, research responsibilities, and other relevant evidence may assist in clarifying the actual roles performed.
Where appropriate, institutional procedures may also be used to support a fair resolution.
Editorial Responsibility
O.G IJRIS may request clarification when authorship concerns materially affect the integrity or accuracy of the research record.
Editorial involvement is intended to protect the integrity of the publication process and should not replace appropriate institutional procedures for resolving complex authorship disputes.
AI Tools Do Not Replace Human Authorship
Artificial intelligence tools may assist researchers with legitimate academic tasks, but the use of an AI system does not by itself establish authorship or transfer responsibility for a manuscript away from human researchers.
Human authors remain responsible for verifying factual claims, references, interpretation, originality, methodological integrity, and the final content of the submitted work.
The guiding principle remains: the human is the decision-maker, and AI is a tool and assistant.
Recommended Authorship Decision Path
Research teams are encouraged to review authorship systematically rather than waiting until publication.
Identify
List all people who contributed to the project.
Classify
Describe the actual contribution of each person.
Assess
Determine whether the contribution supports authorship.
Agree
Discuss authorship and order openly.
Document
Record final contribution and authorship decisions.
Fair Credit. Clear Responsibility. Honest Scholarship.
O.G IJRIS is committed to a research environment in which genuine scholarly contributions are recognized, authorship is not used as a symbol of status or influence, contributors are not improperly excluded, and every listed author understands the responsibility associated with authorship.